Claiming Missed Stimulus Payments for US Expats
As a US citizen residing abroad, you might have missed out on the Economic Impact Payments (EIPs), commonly known as stimulus checks, distributed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The good news is that it’s not too late to claim these funds. This guide will walk you through the eligibility criteria and the steps to claim your missed stimulus payments.
Stimulus Checks for US Expats
The US government issued three rounds of stimulus checks to provide financial relief during the pandemic:
- First Round (April 2020): Up to $1,200 per eligible adult and $500 per qualifying child.
- Second Round (December 2020): Up to $600 per eligible adult and $600 per qualifying child.
- Third Round (March 2021): Up to $1,400 per eligible adult and $1,400 per qualifying dependent.
These payments were based on information from your 2019 or 2020 tax returns. If you didn’t receive any or all of these payments, you might be eligible to claim them retroactively.
Eligibility Criteria for US Expats
Here are the key factors that affect your eligibility for the stimulus payments:
1. US Citizenship or Resident Alien Status
US citizens and resident aliens are generally eligible for stimulus payments, regardless of where they live. Non-resident aliens are not eligible.
2. Valid Social Security Number (SSN)
You must have a valid SSN to qualify. If you’re married filing jointly, both spouses need valid SSNs, unless one spouse is a member of the US Armed Forces. Dependents must also have valid SSNs or Adoption Taxpayer Identification Numbers (ATINs).
3. Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) Limits
Eligibility and payment amounts are based on your AGI:
- First and Second Payments: Full payment for AGIs up to $75,000 (single), $112,500 (head of household), and $150,000 (married filing jointly). Payments phase out above these thresholds.
- Third Payment: Full payment for AGIs up to $75,000 (single), $112,500 (head of household), and $150,000 (married filing jointly), with a quicker phase-out ending at $80,000, $120,000, and $160,000, respectively.
4. Not Claimed as a Dependent
You cannot be claimed as a dependent on someone else’s tax return for the relevant tax year.
How to Claim Missed Stimulus Payments
If you didn’t receive your stimulus payments, follow these steps to claim them:
1. File or Amend Your Tax Returns
The stimulus payments are technically advance payments of the Recovery Rebate Credit (RRC). To claim the RRC:
- For 2020 Payments (First and Second Rounds): File or amend your 2020 tax return.
- For 2021 Payment (Third Round): File or amend your 2021 tax return.
Even if you don’t usually file a tax return, you’ll need to do so to claim the credit. The deadline to file these returns is April 15, 2025.
Regarding the first and second stimulus payments: The deadline to claim these payments through your 2020 tax return was May 17, 2024. If you missed this deadline and did not file your 2020 return by then, you’re no longer eligible to claim these Recovery Rebate Credits.
Deadline for the third stimulus payment and other 2021 refundable credits: The deadline to claim the third stimulus payment (and other refundable credits from the 2021 tax year, such as the Additional Child Tax Credit) is April 15, 2025. This deadline cannot be extended to October 15.
This is also the final year (until October 15) that the Streamlined Filing Compliance Procedures will include the 2021 tax year, which is your last opportunity to claim the third stimulus payment of $1,400.
2. Use the Recovery Rebate Credit Worksheet
When preparing your tax return, use the Recovery Rebate Credit Worksheet to calculate the amount you’re owed. Most tax software includes this worksheet, or you can find it in the IRS Form 1040 instructions.
3. Consider Electronic Filing and Direct Deposit
To expedite processing and receive your refund faster, file your return electronically and opt for direct deposit into a US bank account. If you don’t have a US bank account, consider opening one or using services that provide US account details for international residents.
Common Challenges for Expats
US expats may face unique challenges when claiming stimulus payments:
- Banking Issues: Depositing US Treasury checks abroad can be difficult. Having a US bank account can simplify this process.
- Tax Filing Requirements: Stay current with your US tax filing obligations, even if no tax is owed.
- Address Changes: Keep the IRS informed of your current address to receive important correspondence.
Get Expert Help with Your Expat Taxes
As a US expat, it’s important to keep track of your tax obligations and available benefits. If you missed out on the stimulus payments, take action now to claim the funds you’re entitled to. For personalized assistance, consider consulting with a tax professional experienced in expat tax matters.
Remember, the deadline to claim these payments is April 15, 2025. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to retroactively receive the financial support provided during the pandemic.
Fortunately, you don’t have to do it alone. At Greenback Expat Tax Services, we help Americans living abroad file their expat taxes accurately and on time. Just contact us, and we’ll be happy to help you in any way we can.
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